论文修改：乳腺癌转移的特点
乳腺癌转移是指乳腺癌细胞通过血液或淋巴管从原发部位扩散到身体其他部位。死于乳腺癌的绝大多数不是由于原发肿瘤，而是由于乳腺癌细胞的转移。乳腺癌转移是一个多步骤的级联系统，当癌细胞从原发肿瘤中分离出来，通过血管壁进行血管内灌注，扩散到血液中，最后在远处的器官中形成新的菌落。任何这些步骤的失败都会导致转移的[4]的暂停。同时，为了生存，癌细胞需要逃离宿主的免疫反应。检测循环肿瘤细胞(CTCs)是预测乳腺癌转移的一种新兴方法。循环肿瘤细胞是从原发部位开始在血液中循环的肿瘤细胞。CSTs对肿瘤转移研究具有重要意义。随着对乳腺癌转移级联的进一步了解，癌细胞表面表达的细胞表面受体及其参与转移的同源配体将对乳腺癌的诊断和预后产生重要的改善作用。
论文修改 ：乳腺癌转移的特点
Breast cancer metastasis is that breast cancer cells spread to other parts of body from its primary site though bloodstream or lymph vessels. The majority of deaths due to breast cancer are not because of the primary tumor, but because of metastasis of breast cancer cells. Breast cancer metastasis is a multi-step cascade system that begins when cancer cells separate from the primary mass, intravasate through blood vessel walls, spread through the bloodstream, and finally seed new colonies in distant organs. Any failure in any of these steps will lead to suspension of metastasis[4]. Simultaneously cancer cells need to escape the host’s immune response for the purpose of survival. Detection of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) is a rising way to predict breast cancer metastasis. Circulating tumor cells are tumor cells that circulate in bloodstream originating from primary site. CSTs are important for cancer metastasis research. With increased understanding of breast cancer metastatic cascade, cell-surface receptors expressed on cancer cell and their cognate ligandsinvolved in metastasiswill lead to critical improvements in the diagnosis and prognosis of breast cancer.
