美国地质学论文代写：地理历史
George at al .(1976)根据其独特的特点将盆地分为六个不同的阶段。这些人中包括阿斯比和布里安提安，荷尔卡人，图尔乃安的Courceyan，以及乍得和阿伦尼德。许多研究人员深入分析了苏格兰石炭纪沉积物的孢粉学，得出了不同的结论。英国Dinantian的Miospore区计划是由Neves在al .(1992)开发的。八个并发区域被认为是该计划的一部分。这些计划是基于化石记录的62个miospore物种。区域跨度是由最近的Famennian和最早的Namurian之间的间隔确定的。克莱顿等(1977)又增加了进一步的分区域来扩展zonation。克莱顿本人在1985年又一次修改了这项工作。
就四期盆地的历史而言，它以其在石炭纪的活水沉陷而著名。在那里盛行的新潮流使山谷成为一个进化的地堑。在盆地上运行的北南扩展导致了混合条带滑移和伸展的发展。它进一步产生了广泛的n – s褶皱和ne – sw扳手断层。Pitland断层被认为是最主要的断层，从第一次到第一次。南- sw断层与盆地轴线一致，形成了强烈的沉积构造控制。地势较高的地区在中部山谷地堑的侧面，南部和南部的高地街区。它也与北部和高地边界断层有关，即喀里多尼亚山脉。在后期泥盆纪末期，它一直持续到石炭纪早期。然而，热沉降是当时盆地的主要运行过程。第四盆地各单元的岩性地层单位包括:金纳木组、巴拉甘组、克莱德砂岩组、菲铁地层、构造岩组、层间组、沙克雷格组、Pathhead组、下灰岩组、石灰岩煤层组、上灰岩组、上灰岩组，最后形成。
美国地质学论文代写：地理历史
George at al. (1976) subdivided forth basin into six different stages depending on their unique features. These include Asbian and Brigantian, Holkerian, Courceyan of the Tournaisian and the Chadian and Arundian. Many researchers have deeply analyzed palynology of carboniferous sediments of Scotland and came up with different conclusions. Scheme of Miospore zones for Dinantian in Britain was developed by Neves at al. (1992). Eight concurrent range zones were considered to be the part of that scheme. These schemes are based on fossil record 62 miospore species. Zone span is determined by the interval between latest Famennian and earliest Namurian. Further subzones to expand the zonation were added by Clayton et al (1977). This work was again amended by Clayton himself in the year 1985.
As far as the history of Dinantian of Forth Basin is concerned it was known for its active basin subsidence during carboniferous. NE-SW trend prevailing there made the valley an evolving graben. North South extension which was operating on the basin resulted in the development of mixed strike-slip and extensional regime. It further produced broad N-S folds and NE-SW wrench faults. Pitland fault which is considered to be the most major fault runs from Firth to Forth. NS-SW faults are aligned with basin axes which contribute to a strong tectonic control on the sedimentation. Areas to higher topography results in the flank of Midland Valley graben to the South and Southern Upland block. It is also associated with the north and beyond the Highland Boundary Fault which is known as Caledonian Mountains. In Late Devonian rifting was initiated and it was continued till Early Carboniferous. However, thermal subsidence was the dominant process operating in the basin at that time. The lithostratigraphical units of each unit of Forth Basin involves Kinneswood formation, Ballagan Formation, Clyde Sandstone formation, Fife Ness Formation, Anstruther Formation, Pittenween Formation, Sandy Craig Formation, Pathhead Formation, Lower Limestone Formation, Limestone Coal Formation, Upper limestone Formation and finally Passage Formation.
