约翰·洛克

by | 18-Dec-2013 | 美国论文代写

约翰·洛克试图解释自由的概念,讨论征服和奴役,据他没有人得到权力比他自己,当他没有自己的生活,他不可能奴役别人或者让上级权力剥夺他的生命,当他高兴(Waldron 2002)。

骆家辉说,公民社会是强制性如果财产得到保护。他开始与一个命题,如果上帝创造一切为了共同使用,然后如何拥有财产(骆家辉,Ch 5,35页)。财产,他,是该对象的所有权人增加了自己的劳动力。他进一步阐述,每个人自己的自己的身体,当身体上执行一些工党一个对象,该对象成为他的财产(骆家辉,Ch 5,36页)。前提解释属性很简单。每个人都有权利拥有商品通过添加他们的劳动力。这一权利是受法律限制的生存,人们不能超过他们可以使用。在公民社会中,钱一起劳动和自然权利的人需要扩展属性的最低水平(麦克弗森,1962)。例如,一个人会捡起一个苹果,从而使劳动对象,将成为它的主人。但有一个限制他可以接,吃多少苹果。

人们当他们有足够的好,他们交换他们的一些自然权利进入集团,与他人的社会。他们需要一些常见的法律和执行权力执行这些法律(骆家辉,Ch 6,40页)。根据洛克,一个政治社会只存在保护财产和福利的人。在三个分支;司法、立法和行政,骆家辉给最重视立法的法律作为管理的社会(骆家辉,Ch 6,40页)。促进苹果的例子,一个人当有足够的苹果将会决定他的自然权利扩展到社会换取其他商品的使用。

John Locke has tried to explain the concept of freedom by discussing conquest and slavery and according to him no man get power more than he himself has and when he has no power of his own life, he cannot enslave himself to anyone else or let that superior power take away his life when he pleases (Waldron, 2002).
Locke asserts that a civil society was mandatory if property were to be protected. He started with a proposition that if God has created everything for common use and benefit then how does one own property (Locke, Ch 5, p 35). Property, he states, is the ownership of that object in which a person has added his own labour. He further elaborates that each person own his own body and when the body performs some labour on an object, that object becomes his property (Locke, Ch 5, p 36). The premises explaining property are simple. Every individual has the right to own goods by adding their labour to it. This right is restricted by the law of subsistence where people cannot take more than what they can use. In a civil society, money along with labour and natural right of people is required to expand the subsistence level of property (Macpherson, 1962). For example, a person will pick up an apple, thus putting labour in to that object; will become an owner of it. But there is a limit to how much apples he can pick up and eat.
People when they have enough of a good, they exchange some of their natural rights to enter in the group, a society with other people. They need some common laws and execution power to enforce those laws (Locke, Ch 6, p 40). According to Locke, a political society exists only to protect property and for the welfare of the people. Among the three branches; judicial, legislative and executive, Locke gives the most importance to legislative laws as that administers the society (Locke, Ch 6, p 40). Furthering the example of apples, a person when has enough apples will decide to extend his natural right in to the society to exchange for other goods of use.

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